What is the contraceptive principle of the IUD

Everyone is familiar with IUDs, and there are many different types. Many women need to consider the shape of their uterus when choosing to use IUDs for contraception, so as to choose an IUD that suits them. However, although there are countless women in my country who use IUDs to prevent pregnancy, few people know the principle of IUDs. In order to popularize relevant knowledge, this article will analyze the principle of IUDs for contraception.

There are many types of intrauterine contraceptive devices. The commonly used ones in China include metal single ring, twisted ring, mixed ring, contraceptive ring, T-shaped ring, etc., but the metal single ring is the most common. The intrauterine device, also known as the contraceptive ring, is a contraceptive device placed in the uterine cavity. It is usually made of stainless steel, plastic, silicone rubber and other materials. A contraceptive device without medicine is called an inert intrauterine device. If an intrauterine device is added with progesterone or copper, the contraceptive effect can be improved. It is called a medicated or active intrauterine device, which is the most recommended type of contraceptive device at present.

1. The copper ions in the copper intrauterine contraceptive ring aggravate the aseptic inflammatory response of the endometrium and interfere with the activity of the enzyme system necessary for implantation, which is not conducive to the implantation of the fertilized egg and the development of the blastocyst.

2. Copper ions may also change the biochemical properties of cervical mucus, affect sperm activity and capacitation, and thus further enhance the contraceptive effect. Copper ions can also directly kill sperm and fertilized eggs.

3. The role of prostaglandins: Long-term stimulation of the IUD causes the endometrium to produce prostaglandins. On the one hand, prostaglandins can enhance uterine contraction and fallopian tube peristalsis, causing fertilized eggs that are not sufficiently developed and divided to be sent to the uterine cavity prematurely, thus affecting implantation.

4. A large amount of prostaglandins can enhance the effect of estrogen, inhibiting the decidual reaction of the endometrium during pregnancy, which is not conducive to the implantation of the fertilized egg.

5. The ring can interfere with the normal cyclic changes of the endometrium, which is not conducive to implantation; it can also affect the transport or capacitation of sperm. Intrauterine devices containing high doses of levonorgestrel may also inhibit ovulation, change the properties of cervical mucus, and hinder sperm penetration.

The foreign body effect of the intrauterine contraceptive device can cause asexual inflammation of the endometrium, thereby affecting the implantation of the fertilized egg. In addition to the above functions, the washable intrauterine contraceptive device also releases copper ions, which have a killing effect on sperm and embryos.

The intrauterine device containing progestin can release a small amount of progestin into the uterine cavity for a long time, causing the endometrium to atrophy, which is not conducive to the implantation of the fertilized egg. Both of these effects further enhance the contraceptive effect of the active intrauterine device.

The above are the contraceptive principles of different contraceptive rings. In fact, no matter what their principles are, what we need is to be able to play a real contraceptive effect. Here I would like to remind all female friends that no matter when you do not want a baby, you must avoid it. This will not only protect your own body, but also will not harm other people.